In 1999, Blochberger returned to Berlin. In 2000, he played the role of Jakob Glücksleben in Maienschlager (directed by Hans-Joachim Frank) at theater 89 and appeared that same year alongside Armin Mueller-Stahl in the TV trilogy Die Manns - Ein Jahrhundertroman (directed by Heinrich Breloer). In 2001, he began his acting studies at the Ernst Busch Academy of Dramatic Arts in Berlin, graduating in 2005. While still in training, he took on a leading role in the television film Der Vater meiner Schwester (directed by Christoph Stark), which premiered at the Munich Film Festival and earned him a nomination for the Undine Award as "Best Young Character Actor." Film projects followed, such as Summer Storm (directed by Marco Kreuzpaintner) and the Oscar-winning drama The Lives of Others (directed by Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck). In 2005, Blochberger appeared several times in Tatort, including the Frankfurt episode Tatort: Leerstand (directed by Niki Stein). In the feature film The Last Train (directed by Joseph Vilsmaier and Dana Vávrová), he portrayed SS-Obersturmführer Crewes, who escorts one of the last deportation trains to Auschwitz.

From 2005, he developed a close artistic partnership with director Hans Neuenfels. At the RuhrTriennale, Blochberger portrayed the composer Franz Schubert in Schumann, Schubert und der Schnee . Further collaborations followed at the Komische Oper Berlin (The Magic Flute), the Münchner Volkstheater (Baal, title role, 2007) and, in 2020, at the Vienna State Opera in Mozart’s The Abduction from the Seraglio. Also in 2007, he played the leading role in the world premiere of Rolf Hochhuth’s Heil Hitler! (directed by Lutz Blochberger). Alongside fictional roles, Blochberger has portrayed historical figures including Wernher von Braun, Sebastian Haffner, Helmut Schmidt, Pope Innocent III and, in 2023, Rudolf Höß in A World Divided (directed by Olga Chajdas).

From 2014 to 2017, he played Inspector Riwal in the crime series Kommissar Dupin. In 2015, he joined the regular cast of the ZDF series The Old Foxas Inspector Tom Kupfer, leaving in May 2022. In 2024, Blochberger filmed the international drama series Kabul (directed by Olga Chajdas and Kasia Adamik), which had its world premiere in competition at the Series Mania festival in Lille. Since 2024, he has also developed his own stage programmes, including the concert reading Neil Young – Comes a Song (previously The Book of those Killed by Neil Young), based on Navid Kermani’s work. In 2025, Manfred Krug – Abgehauen premiered at the Renaissance-Theater Berlin: a musical and literary revue based on Manfred Krug’s bestselling book, in which Blochberger and the Goin’ Out West Quintet combine autobiographical texts with Krug’s songs.